The Effects of Isoflurane, Sevoflurane and Desflurane Anesthesia on the Glyserol Model of Rhabdomyolysis-Induced Acute Renal Failure in Rats

Objective: Objective. Acute tubular necrosis (ATN) induced by perioperative hypotension and/or nephrotoxins is one of the main reasons of acute renal failure (ARF) in early postoperative period. In this study, we aimed to investigate biochemical and histopathological effects of sevoflurane, isoflurane and desflurane on glycerol -induced rhabdomyolysis and ATN in the rat. Materials and Methods: Twenty-four rats were randomly divided into three groups: Group Sevoflurane (Sev G), G roup Desflurane (Des G) and G roup Isoflurane (Iso G). The sevoflurane, desflurane and isoflurane anesthesia were applied for four hours. G lycerol with a dose of 9 mg/kg was intramuscularly administered to produce rhabdomyolysis and ATN at 15 minutes after anesthesia. At the end of the anesthesia, four rats in each group were randomly selected to analyze creatine phosphokinase (CPK), lactate dehydrogenises (LDH) and hematocrit. Twenty-four hours after anesthesia, intraperitoneal pentobarbital was administered and blood samples for BUN and creatinine analysis were taken from abdominal aorta. Rats were then sacrificed for histopathological examination of the kidneys. ATN scoring was performed according to following classification: 0- no necrotic cells, 1- < 10% necrotic cells, 2- 10-25% necrotic cells, 3- 25-50% necrotic cells and 4- > 50% necrotic cells. Results: LDH and hematocrit values weren't statistically different between the groups (p>0.05). BUN and creatinine levels in Sev G were significantly higher than that in Iso G and Des G. In these groups, BUN levels were 100.4 +/- 14.5 mg/dL, 36.0 +/- 6.6 mg/dL and 74.0 +/- 10.3 mg/dL (p<0.001), and creatinine levels were 3 +/- 0.5 mg/dL, 0.9 +/- 0.2 mg/dL and 1.6 +/- 0.3 mg/dL (p<0.001), re spectively. Histopathological score in Iso G was significantly lower compared to the other groups (p<0.001). Conclusion: Compared to desflurane and sevoflurane, isoflurane causes less renal injury in rats with ATN with respect to the bio chemical and histopathological examinations.