This study describes the theoretical mechanism with regard to stock removal of magnetic abrasive polishing and experimental analysis with regard to the various factors that influence upon stock removal, using two types of experimental equipments of surface polishing and cylindrical polishing. The following results were obtained. (1) Polishing mechanism was theoretically analyzed, and the effects of its controlling factors were clarified separately. (2) Various factors, such as exciting current, abrasive charge amount, abrasive particle size, work gap and magnetic pole shape, which control the magnetic flux density, were investigated experimentally and the effects of each factor upon the polishing efficiency were clarified.