Allelic Polymorphism of Cytokine Genes in the Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction with Elevated ST-Segment

The present investigation was performed to determine the risk of morbidity in Acute Myocardial Infarction with elevated ST-segment (AMI-ST). AMI-ST was diagnosed in accordance with the classification of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Single nucleotide polymorphisms of the promoter, region of SNP gene of TNF-alpha (G-308A), IL-10 (G-1082A) and IL-6 (G-174C) were studied. The polymorphism of cytokine genes was examined using restriction analyses of the amplified specific areas of genome of all study participants. AMI-ST study group consisted of 59 men and 22 women of Kazakh ethnicity (72.8% and 27.2%, respectively). This group was divided into two groups by complications in the course of AMI. Thus, the AMI-ST group A consisted of 49 patients without any complication, whether during or post hospitalization period. The AMI-ST group B consisted of 32 patients with complications (60.5% and 39.5%, respectively). One hundred healthy blood donors of Kazakh ethnicity served the Control study group. A minor type A/A homozygous genotype detected in the G-308A position of the TNF alpha gene promoter region was associated with complicated AMI-ST (OR = 6,89; 95%, p<0.05). Also, a minor type homozygous genotype C/C detected in the G-174C position of the IL-6 gene promoter region was associated with complicated AMI-ST (OR = 4,60; 95%, p <0.05). No significant difference was found in the allele frequency and genotypes of G-1082A polymorphism of IL-10 gene of AMI-ST groups. Additional studies with a significantly increased sample size are necessary, to investigate whether polymorphisms of cytokine genes could be considered a morbidity genetic risk factor in the Kazakh ethnicity patients with AMI-ST (East Kazakhstan region of the Republic of Kazakhstan).