Subjective visual vertical and horizontal: Normative values using a software-based test in the Indian population

Aims and Objectives: To determine the normative values for static and dynamic subjective visual vertical and horizontal (SVV and SVH) in a group of Indian volunteers. Materials and Methods: This hospital-based, prospective, cross-sectional study was done on 82 normal adults. The SVV and SVH angles were measured under static and dynamic conditions using the software MUS_VS-V1.3.2. Rev B (Synapsis, France). Six readings each were taken for SVV and SVH in both static and dynamic situations. Results: The obtained mean value for static SVV, dynamic SVV, static SVH, and dynamic SVH were 1.52 degrees +/- 0.70 degrees, 1.96 degrees +/- 0.65 degrees, 1.64 degrees +/- 0.81 degrees, and 1.99 degrees +/- 0.78 degrees, respectively. Static SVV for females was 1.4 degrees +/- 0.68 degrees; static SVV for males was 1.58 degrees +/- 0.71 degrees; dynamic SVV for females was 1.82 degrees +/- 0.64 degrees; dynamic SVV for males was 2.04 degrees +/- 0.65 degrees; static SVH for females was 1.63 degrees +/- 0.76 degrees; static SVH for males was 1.65 degrees +/- 0.84 degrees; dynamic SVH for females was 1.80 degrees +/- 0.60 degrees, and dynamic SVH for males was 2.1 degrees +/- 0.86 degrees. There was no significant difference between the sexes and between the age groups 20-40 years and 41-60 years. Conclusions: This is the only study in the Indian population, and the normative data obtained in this study can serve as a reference for future studies and vestibular testing, especially in those suffering from chronic vertigo and suspected to have otolithic pathway abnormalities.