DETERMINATION OF HETEROSIS AND HETEROBELTIOSIS FOR PLANT HEIGHT AND SPIKE GRAIN WEIGHT OF F1 GENERATION IN BREAD WHEAT

The aim of research was to determinate mode of inheritance level of heterosis and heterobeltiosis for plant height (PH) and spike grain weight (SGW) from parents into the F1 generation, in order to create and develop desired genotypes for particular purposes, such as bread wheat and food production. In the programs of breeding and development of new wheat genotypes, the most important stage is pre-breeding and selection of parents including in the cross breeding, to obtain F1 generation. Heterosis to the mid-parent (Ht) and heterobeltiosis to the better-parent (Hb), were estimated for 20 crossbreeding between wheat cultivars and genotypes, from 10 new genotypes in F1 generation. Parents and F1 generation were evaluated under experimental field rainfed conditions, using randomized complete block design (RCBD) in three replications. Positive and negative significant heterosis (Ht) was recorded for PH in F1 genotypes G-10 (27.31 %) and G-2 (-16.75%), and for SGW in genotypes G-8 (56.70%) and G-2 (-29.51%). The significant results for Hb were recorded for PH in F1 genotypes G-8 (8.72%) and G-2 (-34, 05%), and for SGW in genotypes G-8 (55.10%) and G-2 (-53.39%). With appropriate selection of parents with genetic variability, it is possible to develop F1 wheat genotypes possessing distinct superiority over the mid-parent and better parent.