ACCUMULATION OF ANTIOXIDANT ENZYMES IN POTATO PLANTS UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF BIOTIC AND ABIOTIC STRESS

Plants may often be exposed to adverse environmental factors, leading to economic losses and threatening the food security of many countries. Among these factors, viruses not only affect the quality of seeding material, but also reduce crop yields. Viral infections have a particular effect on plants in combination with abiotic stresses. Abiotic stresses are known to stimulate the development of reactive oxygen species, thus generating an "oxidative explosion" effect: an increase in the level of reactive oxygen species results in the production of antioxidant enzymes. Research studies aimed at investigating the protective mechanisms of various plants (including potatoes) against stress factors contribute to a more detailed understanding of these mechanisms, as well as to the development of methods for boosting the resilience of economically important crops. This paper presents a review of scientific papers in the field of biochemistry and plant protection against viral infections and salt stress, which lead to the production of superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase and aldehyde oxidase. The study of mechanisms regulating the metabolism of reactive oxygen species in plants during their exposure to abiotic and biotic stress factors may serve as a basis for the development of new effective strategies to combat viral infections and abiotic stress factors.