Intra-articular Fluid Distension for Initial Portal Placement During Hip Arthroscopy: The "Femoral Head Drop" Technique

Iatrogenic injury is a known complication of initial portal placement during hip arthroscopy. The rate of labral puncture or damage to the articular surfaces with arthroscopic instruments is variable and may be associated with operator inexperience or complex anatomy. In addition, the amount of traction applied to achieve joint distraction may unnecessarily place patients at risk of neurapraxia. The purpose of this article is to describe the "femoral head drop" technique as a method to increase safe access to the central compartment and minimize the amount of traction needed to do so, especially in patients with challenging bony anatomy. This technique uses the application of intra-articular saline solution to cause inferior migration of the femoral head. Intra-articular fluid distension, or the femoral head drop technique, is simple, safe, and reproducible, making it appropriate for hip arthroscopists at any level of experience.