IN-SITU INVESTIGATION ON GROWTH AND DISSOLUTION OF CRYSTALS IN AQUEOUS-SOLUTION

In-situ observation methods to investigate the physics involved in growth and dissolution processes of crystals in aqueous solution at ordinary temperature and pressure are described. The methods visualize in-situ the phenomena relating to clustering of nanometer sized embryonic particles, the mass transport from bulk solution and from a crystal, the concentration gradient in the diffusion boundary layer and its distribution around a crystal, and spiral growth steps with height of one nanometer. The techniques measure at the nanometer scale the growth and dissolution rates of individual spiral growth hillocks and etch pits whose dislocation characters are identified in-situ.