THE PID CONTROLLER BASED ON GENETIC ALGORITHM FOR VOLTAGE STABILITY OF THE SYNCHRONOUS MACHINE

This paper presents a new approach for tuning the fuzzy PID controller based on Genetic Algorithms (GA) to control the terminal voltage during transient conditions of the fourth order Synchronous Generator (SG) Model. In the proposed method, the input and output scaling factors of the fuzzy PID controller are optimized using GA. An appropriate objective function is used to evaluate PID parameters. GA is used to control the error scaling factor, the error change and the control action. The results of the implementation have been compared with the results that were obtained without controller (AVR of SG only). The Integral Square of Error (ISE %) has been taken as a measure of the transient response enhancement. ISE % has been highly reduced which means, a remarkable enhancement in terminal voltage transient response. The best design achieved in this work has been compared to the well-known Ziegler-Nichols tuning method. It has been noted that the proposed tuning mechanism provides smoother system responses, decreases the oscillations and the settling time.