Correlation of Hemoglobin A1C Levels with Serum Lipid Profile in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Uncontrolled hyperglycaemia of diabetes mellitus results in impaired lipid metabolism. A case-control study was conducted on 50 known type 2 diabetic patients (T2DM) and 50 age and gender matched healthy control to evaluate the role of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in predicting diabetic dyslipidemia. The variation in mean values of fasting blood sugar (FBS), HbA1c, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL) and high density lipoprotein (HDL) among Group A, Group B and Healthy controls was highly significant, p < 0.001 and that of very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) was significant, p < 0.05. The difference in mean values of serum lipid profile in Group A and Group B was statistically highly significance, p < 0.001, except for HDL which was statistically significant, p < 0.05. In T2DM patients with poor glycemic control (Group B), the correlation between HbA1C and TC, VLDL and FBS was highly significant (p < 0.001) and with LDL, TG and HDL it was significant (p < 0.05). The correlation was insignificant (p > 0.05) in T2DM patients with good glycemic control (Group A). Hence, HbA1c can be used as a potential biomarker for predicting dyslipidemia in T2DM patients.