The Role of Resistance Training in the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Disease

Recent research suggests that resistance training (RT) in adults has the potential to prevent, treat, and possibly even reverse the impact of several chronic diseases. A properly designed progressive program can have profound effects on the musculoskeletal system, resulting in enhanced physical and mental health. In this review, the authors summarize recent research detailing the numerous benefits gained from participating in an RT program in those with or at risk for chronic disease. This includes increases in muscle mass and strength; enhanced physical function; reduced risks for osteoporosis and cardiovascular and metabolic diseases; improved management of cancer, neuromuscular disorders, HIV, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; and reductions in negative mood states. Given these benefits, numerous national organizations, including the committee commissioned to create the National Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans, have endorsed the participation in RT as a necessary component of maintaining health. Fortunately, the most current estimates show that a growing number of individuals are participating in RT, but these national estimates still fall below the goal of 30% set by Healthy People 2010. Future research will therefore need to focus on increasing the adoption and adherence of RT, as it carries the potential to dramatically affect public health.