The Impact of ICT on Teaching in the Spanish Education System: A Literature Review

This study aims to map out the effects of the inclusion of ICT in Secondary and Primary Education within the Spanish education system from a general and broad perspective. Rather than offering a thorough and detailed account of the existing scientific production on effects or consequences, we seek to address specifically those aspects that, in our view, are relevant to visualize said incidence on teaching and establish some implications. This literature review allows for the identification of a series of features which characterize the evolution and the transformations which these technologies trigger at non-university teaching levels. Similarly, the present literature review analyzes the main difficulties for a complete integration to occur, examining the likely changes and transformations which can promote such an integration within the analyzed educational system. The description of some features within teaching policies aimed at the integration of ICT at European, national and regional levels highlights the necessity to characterize good practices as the backbone of innovation and the improvement of teaching, where ICT have great educational potential as students feel more motivated while, at the same time, ICT foster independent learning and more participative forms of teaching.