THE EFFICIENCY OF VARIOUS METHODS OF PREMILKING UDDER PREPARATION

A necessity of marked enhancement of raw milk quality postulates that hygienic procedures applied in primary production shall be more effective. Our experimental concern has focused on a variety of proposed procedures and on the urgency of the problem. Two experiments were laid down; the one with eight first-calvers, the other with nine first-calvers. An experimental cow-barn had tie-up housing with long littered stalls and a reciprocating scraper was used for manure removal. The cows were milked twice a day while bucket milking machines were used. The experiment was performed only at morning milking. Both experiments were conducted in form of a Latin square system. Tabs. I and II document a review of experimental treatments in both experiments. Total bacterial counts in individual milk yields determined as standard plate counts were taken as a criterion of experimental treatment evaluation. Analysis of variance for the Latin square was used to evaluate the obtained results, sources of variability were evaluated and the statistically significant difference was determined for the geometric mean of total bacterial counts in experimental treatments. The total efficacy of the methods of premilking udder preparation was evaluated in the second experiment in a semiquantitative form on the basis of payload rank, treatment time and hygienic efficiency. Experiment I. Tab. IV shows a review of hygienic efficiency of the tested methods of premilking udder preparation in the first experiment. Individual terry cloth towels (A) were found to be most efficient in view of udder preparation. Dry paper towel treatment (E) and udder treatment with a clot of wood-shavings (D) had statistically significantly worse efficiency (P < 0.05). The lowest efficiency was observed in udder treatment with a paper towel wetted in a disinfecting preparation (G). Experiment II. Tab. VI shows the results obtained in the second experiment. The highest efficiency was observed when the teats were treated with a running disinfecting solution and paper towel (C). There was a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05) in milk contamination between udder treatment with terry cloth towel wetted in disinfecting preparation (F) and treatment with individual terry cloth towel (A). A statistically highly significant difference (P < 0.01) in raw milk bacterial contamination wa-s observed in the udder preparation consisting in teat treatment with running water, paper towel wiping and in treatment with paper towel wetted in a disinfecting preparation (D), as well as in dry treatment (G, H). Treatment with paper towel wetted in a disinfecting preparation (E) was least efficient. Tab. VIII documents an overall evaluation of efficiency of the tested methods of udder preparation. The most efficient methods of premilking udder preparation are as follows: treatment with terry cloth towel wetted in a disinfecting preparation (F), dry terry cloth towel (H) and treatment with individual terry cloth towel (A). Hence after removal of forestrippings, teat treatment with terry cloth towel wetted in a disinfecting preparation is recommended for little soiled teats. For heavily soiled teats it is recomended to wash them with lukewarm water 45-degrees-C and to wipe them with individual terry cloth towel then to wipe them with dry, and/or individual terry cloth towel wetted in a disinfecting preparation.