Executive functions differences in normal scholars, with Attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder, disorder of arithmetical skills and comorbid condition

The goal of this study was to compare the executive functions in children from 8 to 13 years old with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Dys-calculia (TC), ADHD+TC, and normal controls. The diagnoses were confirmed through a semi-structured clinical interview, attentional-deficit disorder questionnaire, as well as arithmetic tests. These groups exhibited statistically significant differences in different areas such as visual and auditory attention, phonemic fluency, cognitive flexibility, along with organization and planning. Similar to previous research, the results indicate that school children who suffer from ADHD+TC have greater deficits in executive functions than normal children.