Lower limb amputation and supply of prostheses

Surgical techniques, options for prostheses and rehabilitation for amputees have advanced immensely in recent decades. New re-constructive and reimplantation techniques have reduced the number of amputations needed after traumatic injuries. Nevertheless, amputation of the lower limb is necessary 20 times as frequently as amputation of the upper extremity. For operative treatment to be successful, meticulous postoperative care is essential. Particular attention should initially be paid to wound care, and subsequently to conditioning of the stump. The state-of-the-art treatment considered necessary to obtain a stump capable of supporting a prosthesis is highlighted. Both functional and cosmetic components of extremity loss are considered when a prosthesis is supplied. Functional components involve body balance and the possibility of support with the achievement of walking and replacement of affected joints. Cosmetic aspects are aimed at compensating for the stigma of losing an extremity. The prostheses available have advanced considerably in recent decades, offering new options.