SUPERCONFORMAL DEFORMATION, ZERO-NORM STATES AND SPACE-TIME SYMMETRIES OF THE SUPERSTRING THEORIES

We present a formalism to study type II and Heterotic superstrings with massless and massive background fields in the bosonic sector. This formalism is appropriate to study high energy symmetries of the superstring. As an example, we explicitly relate all massless symmetries to the massless zero-norm states in the spectrum. This includes the E8 x E8 and SO(32) gauge symmetries in the ten-dimensional Heterotic string. The first (even G-parity) massive level is briefly described. We then argue the existence of new symmetries for the massive Yang-Mills-like gauge bosons and tensor fields at each fixed mass level. These enlarged stringy symmetries correspond to the decoupling of massive zero-norm states in the spectrum.