ENTERIC VIRUS REMOVAL INACTIVATION BY COAL-BASED MEDIA

被引：17
作者：
GUPTA, A [1 ]
CHAUDHURI, M [1 ]
机构：
[1] INDIAN INST TECHNOL,DEPT CIVIL ENGN,KANPUR 208016,UTTAR PRADESH,INDIA
来源：
WATER RESEARCH | 1995年 / 29卷 / 02期
关键词：
ENTERIC VIRUS; POLIOVIRUS; ROTAVIRUS; HETEROTROPHIC BACTERIA; SILVER; ALUM PRETREATMENT; FERRIC HYDROXIDE IMPREGNATION; BITUMINOUS COAL; LIGNITE; MEDIUM FOR HOUSEHOLD WATER FILTER;
D O I：
10.1016/0043-1354(94)00183-8
中图分类号：
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号：
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要：
Four coal-based media, viz. alurn-pretreated or ferric hydroxide-impregnated Giridih bituminous coal and lignite (alum-GBC, Fe-GBC; alum-lignite and Fe-Lignite) were laboratory tested to assess their potential in removing/inactivating enteric viruses in water. Batch-sorption screening tests, employing a poliovirus-spiked (3.10 x 10(7)-1.49 x 10(8) PFU l(-1)) canal water, indicated high poliovirus sorption by Fe-GBC (7.07 x 10(6) PFU g(-1)) and alum-GBC (5.70 x 10(6) PFU g(-1)) in a short contact time of 5 min. Based on the results of further batch-sorption tests, using silver-incorporated media (alum/Ag-GBC, alum-GBC-Ag and Fe-GBC-Ag), as well as aesthetic water quality consideration and previous findings on removal of coliforms and turbidity, alum/Ag-GBC, alum-GBC and alum-GBC-Ag were included in downflow column studies (bed depth 10 cm; flow rate 99 ml h(-1); bed flowthrough time 4.76 min), employing poliovirus-spiked (1.95 x 10(5)-2.68 x 10(7) PFU l(-1)) canal water. All three media showed potential in removing/inactivating enteric viruses. In a separate column study (bed depth 25.4 cm; flow rate 500 ml h(-1); flowthrough time 7.7 min), employing a joint challenge of poliovirus and rotavirus (2.47 x 10(7) PFU l(-1)), alum/Ag-GBC removed 59.3-86.5% of the viruses along with more than 99% reduction in indigenous heterotrophic bacteria. Alum/silver-pretreated bituminous coal medium appears promising for use in household water filters in rural areas of the developing world. However, improved medium preparation to further enhance its efficiency is needed; also, its efficacy in removing/inactivating indigenous enteric bacteria, viruses and protozoa has to be ensured and practicalities or economics of application need to be considered.
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页码：511 / 516
页数：6
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