The current systems of classification of the Aphelinidae are reviewed and a synopsis of these systems is given in Appendix 2. The present status of Eriaporinae is considered an unresolved problem. The subfamily Eriaphytinae is considered a valid taxon, although its relationships with other aphelinids remain unresolved. The genus Samariola Hayat is revalidated. The following genera are considered as synonyms (newly proposed synonyms are indicated by 'syn. nov.' and valid names are noted in parentheses following the invalid names of the genera): Myocnemella Girault, syn. nov., Azotus Howard (Ablerus Howard); Syediella Shafee (Aphytis Howard); Euxanthellus Silvestri, syn. nov. (Coccophagus Westwood); Paramyiocnema Girault, syn. nov. (Euryischomyia Girault); Neocasca Girault, Pteroptrixella Girault, Metacasca Girault, Dahmsiella Hayat, all syn. nov. (Bardylis Howard). A list of valid genera of the Aphelinidae with their synonyms is given in Appendix 1.