Using Foucault: Genealogy, Governmentality and the Problem of Chronic Illness

This article explores the unique contribution that Foucault's work on genealogy and governmentality can make to the analysis of contemporary programs of government. The article uses an Australian study of the 'problem' of chronic illness to argue that this perspective offers valuable insights into how 'problems' such as chronic illness have become linked to advanced liberal discourses and practices of self-governing and self-responsibility. These insights are particularly valuable in fields such as primary health care that have a noted shortage of critical and reflective studies that explore the links between people and changing ideas of health and disease. This article details how taking up an analytics of governmentality and political genealogy informed by Foucault, facilitated the tracing of the dominant discourses and practices, and the connections to the day-to -day lives of the clients with chronic diseases. Importantly, this approach opened up a more critical consideration of the ways in which dispersed approaches to governing through programs, such as integrated care, shape and influence the lives of individuals. These dispersed ways of governing are not linear but rather unfold through ongoing relays, connections and the (re)production of discourses.