Pulmonary Manifestations in Patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remains a public health problem worldwide, despite the introduction of antiretroviral therapy and prophylaxis against opportunistic pathogens. The lung is one of the most affected organs by both infectious and non-infectious diseases in the context of HIV, however, the prevalence of respiratory tract diseases has changed over the past two decades, both locally and globally, therefore, the authors decided to conduct a search of the most recent literature on Medline and SciELO databases, including reviews and original studies, with the aim of elaborating an updated description of the main pulmonary diseases in patients with HIV, taking into account clinical, paraclinical, radiological and bronchoscopic aspects.