THE EFFECTS OF NICOTINE PLUS HALOPERIDOL COMPARED TO NICOTINE ONLY AND PLACEBO NICOTINE ONLY IN REDUCING TIC SEVERITY AND FREQUENCY IN TOURETTE DISORDER

We studied the effects of chewing nicotine gum on tic frequency and severity in 10 patients with Tourette's disorder (TD) on haloperidol, versus 9 untreated TD patients; placebo gum was administered to 5 of these untreated patients. Videotapes of patients during a 2-hr period of 30 min baseline, 30 min gum chewing, and two 30-min postgum-chewing periods were utilized. For those TD patients on haloperidol, significant reductions occurred in tic frequency and severity during the gum-chewing and the two postgum-chewing periods. Nicotine gum alone caused a decrease in tic frequency only during gum-chewing and one postgum-chewing period, while placebo gum showed no effect. In this study, nicotine markedly potentiated haloperidol effects in treating TD, and showed lesser effects on TD when used alone.