Clinical Presentation and Management of a Rare Case of Unilateral Idiopathic Gingival Fibromatosis

Gingival fibromatosis is a painless enlargement within the gingiva, and may cause speech disturbances and difficulty in chewing and impede the maintenance of good oral hygiene. The most common forms of treatment are gingivectomy and gingivoplasty. The ultimate cause of the complaint is still not known, and makes it difficult to choose appropriate treatment. This case report describes a patient diagnosed with localized idiopathic gingival fibromatosis. A 35-year-old male reported to the clinic with an enlargement distributed in the posterior maxillary region of the gingiva and the palate. The treatment consisted of scaling and root planing, and internal bevel incision performed under local anesthesia, excision of the excess tissue, mobilization of the flap and then suturing. According to the medical history, clinical findings and histological evaluation, the patient was diagnosed with localized gingival fibromatosis. The modified surgical procedure performed in the current case significantly reduced the lesion and improved the quality of the patient's life. There were no postoperative complications, and recovery was uneventful, as was determined by a follow-up visit one month after surgery. There was no recurrence in the twelve months following surgery. Internal bevel incision may be highly effective in some cases of gingival enlargement and result in significant clinical improvement. Attention should be drawn to every modification of surgical procedures in this high-risk location (palatal artery) for overgrowths.