BETA(2)-MICROGLOBULIN GENE-MUTATIONS - A STUDY OF ESTABLISHED COLORECTAL CELL-LINES AND FRESH TUMORS

The technique of single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) was used to screen a series of 37 established colorectal cell lines, 22 fresh tumor samples, and 22 normal DNA samples for mutations in the beta(2)-microglobulin gene. Exon 1 (including the leader peptide sequence) and exon 2 were screened separately. Six of 37 colorectal cell lines and 1 of 22 fresh tumors were shown to contain mutations, whereas no mutations were detected in the normal DNA samples. Sequencing of these mutations showed that an 8-bp CT repeat in the leader peptide sequence was particularly variable, since 3 of the cell lines and one fresh tumor sample have deletions in this region. In the related cell lines, DLD-1 and HCT-15, two similar mutations were identified, a C --> A substitution in codon 10 and a G --> T mutation in the splice sequence of intron 1. Expression of beta(2)-microglobulin was examined using a series of monoclonal antibodies in an ELISA system. Reduced expression correlated with a mutation in one allele of beta(2)-microglobulin, whereas loss of expression was seen in instances where a line was homozygous for a mutation or heterozygous for two mutations.