Glycosylated hemoglobin and leukoglycemic index as prognostic determinations in acute coronary syndrome

Introduction: The acute coronary syndrome is one of the most frequent causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, that is why it is important to find laboratory determinations of easy access, to help evaluating the prognosis of these patients. Objective: To determine the prognostic value of the glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and the leukoglycemic index (LGI) in patients with acute coronary syndrome. Method: A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out in 142 diabetic and non-diabetic patients, with acute coronary syndrome, admitted to the Hospital Universitario Dr. Celestino Hernandez Robau of Santa Clara, Cuba, from October 2012 to October 2013. The HbA1c, LGI, and complications after admission were evaluated during the study. Results: A total of 40 diabetic and 102 non-diabetic patients were detected, with a mean age of 68.2 years and a prevalence of hypertension and dyslipidemia. As the LGI numbers increased, the frequency of complications in diabetics (p=0.422) and non-diabetics (p=0.007) also increased. The mean HbA1c of complicated diabetics (8.8%) was higher than that of non-diabetics (7.5%) (p<0.01). The 1443 of LGI values and 6.9% of HbA1c were established as complication predictors. Conclusions: The joint evaluation of LGI and HbA1c was a predictor of high specificity and good sensitivity in both groups of study.