The role of ultrasound simulators in education: an investigation into sonography student experiences and clinical mentor perceptions

Simulation as an effective pedagogy is gaining momentum at all levels of health care education. Limited research has been undertaken on the role of simulated learning in health care and further evaluation is needed to explore the quality of learning opportunities offered, and their effectiveness in the preparation of students for clinical practice. This study was undertaken to explore ways of integrating simulation-based learning into sonography training to enhance clinical preparation. A qualitative study was undertaken, using interviews to investigate the experiences of a group of sonography students after interacting with an ultrasound simulator. The perceptions of their clinical mentors on the effectiveness of this equipment to support the education and development of sonographers were also explored. The findings confirm that ultrasound simulators provide learning opportunities in an unpressurised environment, which reduces stress for the student and potential harm to patients. Busy clinical departments acknowledge the advantages of opportunities for students to acquire basic psychomotor skills in a classroom setting, thereby avoiding the inevitable reduction in patient throughput which results from clinical training. The limitations of simulation equipment to support the development of the full range of clinical skills required by sonographers were highlighted and suggestions made for more effective integration of simulation into the teaching and learning process. Ultrasound simulators have a role in sonography education, but continued research needs to be undertaken in order to develop appropriate strategies to support students, educators and mentors to effectively integrate this methodology.