A PHILOSOPHICAL DISCUSSION OF IMMANUEL KANT AND FRIEDRICH NIETZSCHE'S THOUGHTS AS IT PERTAINS TO INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

This article promotes a dialogue between the thoughts of the German philosophers Immanuel Kant and Friedrich Nietzsche and their contributions to the reflections within International Relations. Two moments are crucial in Kant's writings, which are divided into pre-critical and critical. His Critical studies, the most important of his works, are marked by liberal idealism, the belief in man and reason and proposes a new basis for metaphysics. Concepts such as moral, human rationality, pure will, supranational, perpetual peace, among others, are fundamental for the construction of Kant's ideas. Nietzsche constructs a path in the opposite direction to Kant. His studies seek to disrupt particular factors and the main point of the criticisms are placed on Christian morality and Greek reason, above all the new reason of the Enlightenment period. Some specific aspects of anarchism and evolutionism are evident in his work. Nietzsche's thoughts are based on concepts such as nihilism, chaos, 'Superman', moral and transvaluation, supporting his writings. Both the works of Nietzsche as those of Kant have offered a range of contributions for international studies, starting from different prerogatives, but abounding on common issues. For the field of International Relations, the contributions of both authors are given on the grounds of convergence between philosophy and the topics of international relations, particularly with regard to issues such as anarchy in the nation system, international legal conjuncture, peace and war, international regimes and organizations, ethics, among others. The analysis used the method of literature review regarding the authors work, also bringing together the International Relations agenda, in this case of a qualitative research..