A Real-Time Global Sea Surface Temperature Analysis

A global monthly sea surface temperature analysis is described which uses real-time in situ (ship and buoy) and satellite data. The method combines the advantages of both types of data: the ground truth of in situ data and the improved coverage of satellite data. The technique also effectively eliminates most of the bias differences between the in situ and satellite data. Examples of the method are shown to illustrate these points. Sea surface temperature (SST) data from quality-controlled drifting buoys are used to develop error statistics for a 24-month period from January 1985 through December 1986. The average rms monthly error is 0.78 degrees C; the modulus of the monthly biases (i.e., the average of the absolute value of the monthly biases) is 0.09 degrees C.