POLYMERIZATION OF SURFACE-ACTIVE MONOMERS .7. RADICAL COPOLYMERIZATIONS OF ANIONIC SURFACE-ACTIVE MONOMER, SODIUM DI(10-UNDECENYL)SULFOSUCCINATE, WITH ELECTRON-ACCEPTING MONOMERS AND VINYL MONOMERS IN MICELLAR AND ISOTROPIC SOLUTIONS

Radical copolymerizations of anionic surface-active monomer, sodium di(10-undecenyl)sulfosuccinate (DUSS), with electron-accepting monomers and vinyl monomers were studied in water, n-hexane and dioxane, giving aqueous micellar solution, reverse micellar solution and isotropic solution, respectively. The copolymerizations of DUSS with hydrophobic diethyl fumarate (EF) in aqueous micellar solution afforded the copolymer in relatively high yields as compared to those for the copolymerizations in reverse micellar and isotropic solutions. On the other hand, the copolymerization with hydrophilic fumaronitrile (FN) in isotropic solution proceeded at a higher rate than those in aqueous and reverse micellar solutions. The copolymerization with EF in the reverse micellar system was greatly accelerated by solubilization of water. The copolymers with EF prepared in aqueous micellar solution were soluble in some solvents, in contrast to those formed in reverse micellar and isotropic solutions. The copolymerization with styrene (ST) also revealed a higher rate in aqueous micellar solution as compared to those for the copolymerizations in reverse and isotropic solutions. For the emulsion polymerizations of ST and methyl methacrylate using DUSS as a polymerizable emulsifier, DUSS appeared to exhibit a retardation effect on their polymerizations.