Groundwater Recharge Evaluation in Brazilian Cerrado Biome Site by Saturated Zone Flow Numerical Modeling

Natural groundwater recharge is a key information to the integrated water resources management (IWRM), but still not well researched in Cerrado Biome - being as an important continental recharge zone, responsible for the base flow in some stretches in major Brazilian rivers. In this context, the purpose of this study was to research and understand key aspects of this process in this important biome: (i) rates; (i) spatial distribution; and (iii) determining factors. The studied area encompasses an experimental basin located in the western portion of the Federal District and the methodology consisted in the application of Numerical Modeling Flow of Saturated Zone. In the method proposed, the spatial distribution of groundwater recharge was previously mapped, and the rates of the recharge zones were estimated by numerical model calibration. In spite of model limitations, simulated rates were close to that provided by literature. The hydraulic properties of the porous media were overriding in the study process, however, land cover/use was considered as an important regulatory factor in the groundwater recharge process in the area. The results obtained were considered valid as a starting point for further implementations studies in Cerrado biome, showing a better porous medium characterization and a better methodology alternative to characterize the spatial variability of recharge zones.