3-DIMENSIONAL AND 4-DIMENSIONAL ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY

被引:29
作者
OFILI, EO
NANDA, NC
机构
[1] UNIV ALABAMA,DIV CARDIOVASC DIS,BIRMINGHAM,AL 35233
[2] ST LOUIS UNIV,ST LOUIS,MO 63103
关键词
3-DIMENSIONAL ULTRASOUND RECONSTRUCTION; TRANSESOPHAGEAL TOMOGRAPHY; TRANSESOPHAGEAL ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY;
D O I
10.1016/0301-5629(94)90024-8
中图分类号
O42 [声学];
学科分类号
070206 ; 082403 ;
摘要
Since its introduction in 1974, 3-D reconstruction of the heart has undergone significant technological refinements in image acquisition, processing and display techniques. Image acquisition for transthoracic 3-D reconstruction utilizes the parasternal or apical windows, or combinations of the two, The parasternal approach allows better endocardial border detection, while the apical approach allows a more complete visualization of the left ventricular apex. Computer algorithms are used to process images with various display techniques incorporated into the algorithm. Transesophageal image acquisition overcomes a significant limitation of the transthoracic approach, which is variable and sometimes poor image quality. Both a multiplane approach and a computerized tomographic approach have been successfully used by several investigators. Potential applications of 3-D echocardiography include reconstruction of the mitral annulus, dynamic cardiac anatomy and function and volume calculations. A major limitation is the need for considerable computer time for image processing and display; furthermore, errors may be introduced by the various smoothing and contouring algorithms. Despite these limitations, 3-D echocardiography has considerable potential for clinical utility, particularly in the areas of reconstructive cardiac surgery and congenital heart disease.
引用
收藏
页码:669 / 675
页数:7
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