Nightmare Frequency, Nightmare Distress and the Efficiency of Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

Background: Up to 71% of trauma victims diagnosed with PTSD have frequent nightmares ( NM), compared to only 2% to 5% of the general population. Objectives: The present study examined whether nightmares before the beginning of cognitive behavior therapy ( CBT) for post-traumatic stress disorder ( PTSD) could influence overall PTSD symptom reduction for 71 individuals with PTSD and different types of traumatic events. Patients and Methods: Participants received a validated CBT of 20 weekly individual sessions. They were evaluated at five measurement times: at pre-treatment, after the third and ninth session, at post-treatment, and at 6 months follow-up. Results: The presence of nightmares did not impact overall CBT efficiency. Specific CBT components were efficient in reducing the frequency and distress of nightmares. Conclusions: Most participants no longer had PTSD but some still had nightmares.