ON BIAS IN AUTOBIOGRAPHICAL RECALL - RETROSPECTIVE ADJUSTMENTS FOLLOWING DISCONFIRMED EXPECTATIONS

被引:14
作者
CONWAY, M
机构
[1] Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal
关键词
D O I
10.1080/00224545.1990.9924568
中图分类号
B84 [心理学];
学科分类号
04 ; 0402 ;
摘要
The hypothesis that people recall their behaviors and expectations in ways that increase their consistency with subsequent outcomes was tested. In a first study and a replication, Canadian students reported their preparations and expectations for an exam in an undergraduate course. Weeks later, after they had received their grades, they were unexpectedly asked to recall as accurately as possible their earlier reports. In Study 1, those whose actual grades were worse than anticipated recalled working less and expecting less satisfaction relative to their initial reports. Students whose actual grades were better than anticipated recalled expecting higher satisfaction relative to their initial reports. Similar results were obtained in Study 2. As over 90% of the students in the two studies did not receive their expected grades, these findings support the view that autobiographical recall may be generally reconstructive and potentially biased. © 1990 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
引用
收藏
页码:183 / 189
页数:7
相关论文
共 8 条
[1]  
Campbell J., 1983, PSYCHOL PERSPECTIVES, V2, P1
[2]   GETTING WHAT YOU WANT BY REVISING WHAT YOU HAD [J].
CONWAY, M ;
ROSS, M .
JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY, 1984, 47 (04) :738-748
[3]   HINDSIGHT NOT EQUAL TO FORESIGHT - EFFECT OF OUTCOME KNOWLEDGE ON JUDGMENT UNDER UNCERTAINTY [J].
FISCHHOFF, B .
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY-HUMAN PERCEPTION AND PERFORMANCE, 1975, 1 (03) :288-299
[4]   I KNEW IT WOULD HAPPEN - REMEMBERED PROBABILITIES OF ONCE-FUTURE THINGS [J].
FISCHHOFF, B ;
BEYTH, R .
ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR AND HUMAN PERFORMANCE, 1975, 13 (01) :1-16
[5]   THE DISTORTED NATURE OF HINDSIGHT [J].
LEARY, MR .
JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY, 1981, 115 (01) :25-29
[6]   THE RELATION BETWEEN CURRENT IMPRESSIONS AND MEMORIES OF SELF AND DATING PARTNERS [J].
MCFARLAND, C ;
ROSS, M .
PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY BULLETIN, 1987, 13 (02) :228-238
[7]  
ROSS M, 1986, HDB MOTIVATION COGNI, P122
[8]   ATTRIBUTION BIAS - ON THE INCONCLUSIVENESS OF THE COGNITION MOTIVATION DEBATE [J].
TETLOCK, PE ;
LEVI, A .
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY, 1982, 18 (01) :68-88