1. Descendents of Florida and Ithaca, U.S.A. populations of Drosophila melanogaster were reared under short (10 h light: 14 h dark) or long (14 h light: 10 h dark) photoperiods. 2. Flies were chilled for 8, 16, 32, or 64 min and the time to recovery was recorded. 3. Recovery time increased as chilling time increased. 4. Recovery time was also related to photoperiod; short-photoperiod flies recovered faster than did long-photoperiod flies. 5. These results together with earlier observations of higher metabolic rates of short-day flies indicate the importance of photoperiod in adaptively modifying physiological features.