ENVIRONMENTAL-IMPACT OF FERTILIZING SOILS BY USING SEWAGE AND ANIMAL WASTES

被引：28
作者：
BENCKISER, G
SIMARMATA, T
机构：
[1] Institute of Microbiology, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen
[2] Department of Soil Science, University of Padjadjaran, Jatinangar, 45363, West Java, Bandung
来源：
FERTILIZER RESEARCH | 1994年 / 37卷 / 01期
关键词：
ANIMAL SLURRIES AND MANURES; APPLICATIONS TO SOILS; CARBON; NITROGEN; PHOSPHORUS; CONTAMINATION; CROP PRODUCTION; DISSEMINATION; HAZARDOUS ORGANICS; HEAVY METALS; INPUTS; MACRONUTRIENTS AND MICRONUTRIENTS; PATHOGENS; SEWAGE SLUDGES; SURVIVAL; TRANSFER; TRANSPORT AND ADSORPTION RATES IN SOILS;
D O I：
10.1007/BF00750669
中图分类号：
S15 [土壤学];
学科分类号：
0903 ; 090301 ;
摘要：
The European Community is producing annually about 300 x 10(6) tons of sewage sludges as well as about 150, 950,160 and 200 tons of domestic, agricultural, industrial and other wastes (street litter, dead leaves etc.). About 20-25% of the German sewage sludges, which contain in average about 3.8,1.6,0.4, 0.6,5.3% DM-1 N, P, K, Mg and Ca, 202, 5, 131, 349, 53, 3 and 1446 mg kg-1 DM Pb,Cd,Cr,Cu,Ni, Hg,Zn as well as ca. 37 and 5 mg kg-1 Dm polychlorinated hydrocarbons and biphenyls, are recycled annually as fertilizer. In addition environmental impacts on the arable land of Germany may derive from 76,19.2,64.7,33.6,7.8 and 0.1 kg ha-1 a-1 of N,P,K,Ca,Mg and Cu added as animal manures. Besides heavy metals and hazardous organics pathogens are disseminated with organic wastes. Crop production and soil fertility generally profit from the considerable amounts of plant nutrients and carbon in sewage sludges, animal slurries and manures, but the physicochemical soil properties, the composition of microbial, faunal and plant communities as well as the metabolic processes in the soil-, rhizo- and phyllosphere are changed by organic manuring. Consequences for the soil carbon-, nitrogen-and phosphorus-cycle are discussed. Impacts of heavy metals and hazardous organics on the soil biomass and its habitat as well as on transport mechanisms and surival times of disseminated pathogens in soils are reviewed with emphasis on the German situation. A proposal for future strategies (landscape recycling) is made.
引用
收藏
页码：1 / 22
页数：22
相关论文
共 154 条
  • [1] Abou Seada M.N.I., Ottow J.C.G., Einfluß chemischer Bodeneigenschaften auf Ausmaß und Zusammensetzung der Denitrifikationsverluste drei verschiedener Bakterien, Zeitschrift für Pflanzenernährung und Bodenkunde, 151, pp. 109-115, (1988)
  • [2] Acea M.J., Carballas T., The influence of cattle slurry on soil microbial population and nitrogen cycle micro-organisms, Biol Wastes, 23, pp. 229-241, (1988)
  • [3] Addiscott T.M., Whitmore A.P., Powlson D.S., Farming, fertilizers and the nitrate problem, (1991)
  • [4] Aldag R., Stickstoffverluste durch Ammoniakentbindun, Deutsche Landwirtschaftsgesellschaft (DLG, ed), Stoffeinträge aus der Landwirtschaft in die Atmosphäre, pp. 67-75, (1991)
  • [5] ApSimon H.M., Kruse M., Bell J.N.P., Ammonia emissions and their role in acid deposition, Atmos Environ, 21, pp. 1939-1946, (1987)
  • [6] Studie über Wirkungen und Qualitätsziele von Nährstoffen in Fließgewässern, pp. 331-446, (1991)
  • [7] Artiola J.F., Pepper I.L., Denitrification in the root zone of a sludge-amended desert soil, Biol Fertil Soils, 13, pp. 200-205, (1992)
  • [8] Barriuso E., Baer U., Calvet A., Dissolved organic matter and adsorption-desorption of Dimefuron, Atrazine, and Carbetamide by soils, J Environ Qual, 21, pp. 359-367, (1992)
  • [9] Bauchhenss J., Die Bedeutung der Bodentiere für die Bodenfruchtbarkeit und die Auswirkung landwirtschaftlicher Maßnahmen auf die Bodenfauna, Kali-Briefe, 16, pp. 529-548, (1983)
  • [10] Becker R., Bach M., Frede H-G, Stickstoffzufuhr aus organischer Düngung, Atlas zum Nitratstrom in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland, pp. 82-83, (1993)
12345678910