A study of the role of seed size on seedling vigor in several pearl millet genotypes indicates that there were significant variations in seed size and other seedling traits such as seedling weight at emergence, seed weight mobilized, efficiency of mobilization of seed reserve, and seedling and seedling dry weight at seven and 15 days. Highly significant correlations were found among these parameters. Therefore, the effects of seed size on seedling vigor in pearl millet seem to be significant.