Five genera of Magnoliaceae occur in China; these and the 81 indigenous and 7 cultivated species they contain are described here. In Magnolia, 28 wild and 4 cultivated species are recognized. Magnolia nitida var. robusta is newly described, and Magnolia lotungensis is reduced to Magnolia nitida var. lotungensis. In Manglietia, 17 indigenous and 1 cultivated species are recognized. Section Manglietiastrum is transferred from Magnolia to Manglietia, and Magnolia sinica is renamed Manglietia sinica. Manglietia forrestii is reduced to Manglietia fordiana var. forrestii, Manglietia kwangtungensis is reduced to Manglietia fordiana var. kwangtungensis, and Manglietia calcarea is reduced to Manglietia fordiana var. calcarea. In Kmeria, one species is recorded for China. In Michelia, 34 indigenous and 1 cultivated species are recognized. Section Tsoongiodendron, based on Tsoongiodendron W. Y. Chun, is recognized with one species, Michelia odora; section Paramichelia, based on Paramichelia H. H. Hu, is recognized with one species in China. Michelia elliptilimba is newly described. Michelia crassipes is reduced to Michelia figo var. crassipes. In Liriodendron one indigenous and one cultivated species are recognized. An identification list of all the collections studied, as well as a bibliography of Chinese Magnoliaceae, is given at the end of the paper.
