To estimate the role of some vascular risk factors in the obliteractive arteriopathy of diabetic patients, 71 subjects were investigated: diabetes without arteriopathy, diabetics with arteriopathy and non-diabetics with arteriopathy. Age, sex, body weight, smoking habits, blood pressure, sedentary life style, diabetes therapy, plasma glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, total lipids, HDL-[high density lipoprotein] cholesterol, uric acid and fibrinogen were assessed. The risk factors studied maintain their role even in the obliterative peripheral arteriopathy of diabetic patients; however, there are different in the relative importance of some of them.