Post-Neoliberalism and Political Process in Ecuador

This text proposes to analyze the political processes experienced in Ecuador from 1990 to the present, assuming the perspective of the leftist tendency anchored in popular movements. For this analysis, the concept of the dispute of hegemony was taken as the theoretical framework. It begins with recognizing what started with the indigenous uprising of Inty Raymi as one single process with various political moments and goes up to the electoral triumph of the Alianza Pais (Country Alliance). A specific interpretation is given to the indigenous movement as an integral protagonist in a cultural reform that lays the foundations for a new social project; and, on the other hand, the urban middle classes and levels that synthesize the demands of citizenship. The new situation is characterized as a duality, the crossing of a project for modernizing the state with another of democratic reform. Thus, a crossroads condition is generated, beginning with the 2006-2009 period, which pressures the left with tradition and popular movements to envision a strategic turn. It explains that the synthesis of this process is found in the constitutional process and the key contents of the new constitution, which includes most of the fundamental demands from the popular and social movements and places them in a common project "moving forward.".