Acute permethrin neurotoxicity: Variable presentations, high index of suspicion

Permethrin is a synthetic Type I pyrethroidal neurotoxic pesticide that has been responsible for accidental animal deaths. Despite its widespread use, there are no published case reports on pediatric intensive care unit admissions due to permethrin exposure. We report the unusual and varied presentations of permethrin toxicity in three siblings presenting to a tertiary care pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). While there is no standard clinical diagnostic test for permethrin, accurate diagnosis was obtained by rapidly analyzing the offending agent. In the absence of a known antidote for permethrin, supportive management was initiated and resulted in a favorable outcome for all three siblings. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license.