Prevalence and characterization of Panton-Valentine leukocidin-positive Staphylococcus aureus in bovine milk in Jabalpur district of Madhya Pradesh, India

Aim: The study aimed to investigate the Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL)-positive Staphylococcus aureus in bovine milk due to its public health significance. Materials and Methods: A total of 400 milk samples of bovines taken from different dairy farms and outlets of Jabalpur were screened for the S. aureus and methicillin-resistant S aureus (MRSA). The strains were tested for the PVL gene and antimicrobial sensitivity toward 10 different classes of antimicrobial agents. The PVL-positive S. aureus strains were further characterized by staphylococcal protein A or spa typing. Results: The prevalence of PVL-positive S aureus was 10.53%. All the isolates positive for the PVL were resistant to methicillin, while the methicillin-sensitive S aureus isolates were negative for the PVL. Five different spa types were found. Conclusion: The presence of PVL-positive MRSA in bovine milk close to consumer poses a potential public health risk to the corrununity.