Specification, implementation, and hardware-in-the-loop real-time simulation of an active distribution grid

This paper presents the IDE4L project reference grid model developed to serve as a benchmark for studies on distribution grid dynamics within the project. The paper demonstrates a MATLAB/Simulink implementation of the reference grid to be used in real-time hardware-in-the-loop simulations. The simulations will be carried out to study distribution grid dynamics and to evaluate the techniques developed in IDE4L project for TSO/DSO interactions. Performance of the grid model is shown through sample real-time simulation results and a hardware-in-the-loop setup for PMU-based grid monitoring applications. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license