Proactive transparency and outward accountability of frontline public bureaucracies: An integrated model

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide a model that demonstrates how some organizational factors are linked to the proactive transparency behavior and outward accountability orientation of frontline public bureaucracies. Design/methodology/approach The model is developed on the basis of literature review. Findings It is shown in the model that some dimensions of organizational culture are linked to the value for proactive transparency, which, in turn, is linked to the proactive transparency behavior of frontline public bureaucracies. The proactive transparency behavior is also influenced by organizational structure and organizational endowment. Finally, the proactive transparency behavior determines outward accountability orientation. Originality/value This paper contributes to the understanding of the frontline public bureaucracy's transparency behavior and outward accountability orientation from the perspective of organizational factors such as culture, structure, and endowment.