Transcranial US of preterm neonates: High risk gestational age and birth weight for perinatal asphyxia

Objective: The study aims to determine the high risk gestational week (GW) and/or birth weight (BW) of the preterm neonate, below which perinatal hypoxic cerebral injuries are expected to occur. Material and methods: Eighty preterm neonates, born at or before 37 GW, were included. Twenty-three of them were < 32 GW and 57 > 32 GW. Also, 28 of them were < 1500 g and 52 > 1500 g. Imaging was done by transcranial ultrasound with 4-9 MHz curvilinear probe. CT scan was additionally performed for only 18 candidates. The study protocol was approved by the ethics committee in Al-Mana General Hospital (AGH). Results: Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) was diagnosed in six preterm neonates < 32 GW and two > 32 GW. Three < 32GW and one > 32GW presented with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) with no hemorrhage. Two preterm neonates < 32 GW had both IVH & HIE. All positive cases were below 1500 g BW. Conclusion: Preterm neonates < 32GW and/or < 1500 g are highly susceptible for HIE and/or IVH. Thus, special medical care, including post-labor hospitalization in well equipped special baby care units (SCBU) and routine transcranial ultrasound (TCUS) screening is recommended for those preterm neonates. (C) 2012 Egyptian Society of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V.