DYNAMIC SHADOW EFFECT IN THE ENERGY-LOSS OF PROTONS

The nonrelativistic quantum-mechanical approach for the stopping power has been developed by means of the Glauber-Franco approximation for the inelastic-scattering amplitude. It takes into account excitation and ionization processes in the amorphous target by heavy charged particles. The calculations of the stopping power of protons in H and He targets are in excellent agreement with the available experimental data due to the effect of nuclear dynamic blocking (shadow) and the rescattering processes by the electrons of the target atom. Formulae of the stopping-power calculations, taking into account individual atom shell effects, have been derived. On this basis, the case of violation of Bragg's additivity rule is discussed.