Migrants' entrepreneurship in transnational social fields: research in the Italian context

The aim of the article is to analyse the development of transnational economic activities run by migrants in Northern Italy. It is based on qualitative empirical research conducted in the three most important cities in northern Italy: Milan, Genoa, and Turin. The article describes different kinds of transnational economic activity, identifying the subject of transnational transactions; the main clients (immigrant population or native population); the goods or services exchanged and their transnational impact; the expected social effects; and their positioning on a scale of transnational involvement. The empirical cases considered are overland courier services on routes from Milan to Eastern Europe, shops owned by immigrants who offer 'ethnic' products in Milan and Genoa, and phone centres run by immigrants in Turin. In the conclusion, the reactions of the receiving society and the question of public regulation are examined.