A SIMPLE-MODEL FOR INTERPRETING CROSS-TABULATIONS OF FAMILY-SIZE AND WOMENS LABOR-FORCE PARTICIPATION

Simple 2 x 2 contingency tables cross-tabulating family size and activity status of mothers are analyzed with a logistic or log-linear model whose parameters can be interpreted as, respectively, the intrinsic value given to work by mothers, the value given to large families, and the degree of incompatibility between work and child care. An analysis of French data for 1968 and 1982 suggests that it is the increased value given to work which accounts best for activity and fertility changes over this time period, variation of the two other parameters playing only a minor role. The same result is observed, cross-sectionally, when analyzing fertility and activity of women across a sample of French couples in 1982 stratified by education levels of both parents. But this simple explanation of activity and fertility differentials does not apply when analyzing fertility and activity differentials across EEC countries, using data from the EUROSTAT Labour Force Survey of 1990.