Heat and Mass Transfer Effects on Natural Convection Flow in the Presence of Volume Fraction for Copper-Water Nanofluid

This paper numerically investigates, the influence of the prominent heat and mass transfer effects on natural convection flow in the presence of volume fraction for copper-water nanofluids. The boundary layer equations governed by partial differential equations are transformed into a system of coupled nonlinear ordinary differential equations with the help of local similarity transformations and the equations are solved numerically by finite element method. The influence of physical parameters on velocity, temperature and concentration profiles are presented and depicted with the aid of figures for copper-water nanofluid. Finally the numerical results of skin friction coefficient, Nusselt and Sherwood numbers at the wall are compared with previously published work to ascertain the correctness of the numerical scheme and an excellent agreement is obtained.