Heavy metals distribution and contamination in surface water of the Bay of Bengal coast

In this study, we measured the distribution of heavy metals (Pb, Ni, Fe, Mn, Cd, Cu) in the surface water of Bengal Coast at the southern part of Bangladesh. We also examined the common water quality parameters to discuss the impacts of pollution. It was revealed that the majority of the heavy metals have been introduced into the Bengal marine from the riverine inflows that are also affected by the impact of industrial, ship breaking yard, gas production plant and urban wastes. The concentration of heavy metals was measured using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) instrument. Heavy metals concentrations were found to decrease in sequence of Fe > Mn > Pb > Cu > Cd > Ni. Results showed that heavy metal concentrations in the marine surface water generally exceed the criteria of international marine water quality. Moreover, both the contamination factor (CF) and pollution load index (PLI) values suggested the elevation of heavy metals concentration in the region. Constant monitoring of the Bengal coast water quality is needed to record with a view to minimize the risk of health of the population and the detrimental impacts on the aquatic ecosystem.