Students' stress. The relationship between self-efficacy, mindfulness and stress experience of students

Background. Many studies investigate students' stress level caused by the implementation of the bachelor/master system. Empirical evidence about the possibilities of stress prevention based on the resources of students is missing. This study investigates the relationship between self-efficacy, mindfulness and stress perception. Method. 2,435 students took part in an on-line study in Germany and answered the Perceived Stress Questionnaire (with its facets worries, tension, demands and joy), the Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale and the Freiburg Mindfulness Inventory. Results. Students perceive a high level of stress. High self-efficacy correlates with a low degree of worries and a high degree of joy. High mindfulness is related to a low level of tension and a high level of joy. There is a correlation of 0.53 (p < 0.001) between self-efficacy and mindfulness. Conclusion. Self-efficacy and mindfulness should be considered when developing stress reduction and prevention approaches.