Gram-negative bacteria isolated from buckwheat seeds harvested in Nagano and Hokkaido were identified and their phenotypical characters were studied. Glucose-fermentative gram-negative bacteria Pantoea agglomerans and Erwinia ananas were identified as dominant bacteria in the seed samples examined. The former gave the highest umber of isolates. On the other hand, Pseudomonas syringae, Pseudomonas oryzhihabitans, Xanthomonas maltophilia and Flavobacterium aquatil were identified as dominant glucoes-non-fermentative gram-negative bacteria.